Skin?Adhesive, ?Breathable, and ?Compatible Nanopaper Electronics for Harmonious On?Skin Electrophysiological Monitoring

On-skin electronics, which offers an interface for extracting electrophysiological signals from skin, is intensively investigated using electrodes mounted on flexible substrates. Despite numerous efforts toward substrate design to optimize user comfort, substrates with skin-adhesion, skin-breathability, skin-compatibility, mechanical endurance, sterilizability, sustainability, and biodegradability remain desirable candidates human- environment-friendly on-skin electronics. To this end, a wood-derived cellulose nanofiber paper (denoted nanopaper) customized porous nanostructures developed in study. The nanopaper enables water-assisted deformation skin-conformability, thereby realizing outstanding skin-adhesion force, along high skin-breathability compatibility, superior those of conventional reported By mounting gold the adhering them human real-time monitoring electroencephalogram, electromyogram, electrocardiogram diagnosing physiological state successfully achieved. Furthermore, gold-electrode-mounted affords unique characteristics including durability against skin deformation, reusability, even owing its thermal stabilities. Thus, as-prepared serves fascinating platform environment-harmonious